Tymoczko (1998, 2005) is not particularly concerned with intralingual translation, but her arguments for a broad perception of translation are very relevant. We offer a diverse selection of courses from leading universities and cultural institutions from around the world. The problem of translation is to retreat to a simpler tenor of one's own style and creatively adjust this to one's author." Gutt (1991/2000: 394-396) mentions the fact that not all translation scholars would feel comfortable with a broader definition which would allow summaries and elaborated versions, per example, to qualify as translation. It should be emphasized that it is an attempt, at a more detailed general description as there is not much theory or any empirical studies to lean on. The third function of intralingual translation, proposed by Xuanmin Luo at the Bogacizi conference in 2014, is the function of shaping a nations modernity, which is a structural concept dealing with the transformation of whole societies, ideologies, social structure and culture. Unlike translation proper, intralingual translation is a rewriting or paraphrasing within the same language system. Where necessary, examples have been translated from the Danish versions into English. Are the strategies applied in intralingual translation different from those applied in interlingual translation? The analyses suggest that intralingual translation is generally motivated by one or more of the key parameters; knowledge, time, culture, and space. However, despite Jakobson's classical definition, intralingual translation or rewording is extremely peripheral to translation studies, more so than it deserves, and the relationship between interlingual and intralingual translation is a neglected area of research, as is a thorough description of intralingual translation; A translator can take, in this case, the advantage of previous intralingual translations as a remedy for his interpretation of classic Chinese texts. Furthermore, the need for translation within the same language is also indicative of the richness of perspectives, knowledge and cultures that exist within our linguistic traditions (however forgotten). The witness is intimidated by the formality of the court setting, and assumes that the unfamiliar word, 'fracas', is a polite euphemism. Scholars have listed a range of situations in which intralingual translation facilitates communication, for example, reformulating a legal document in plain language for a lay readership, new. But here the barrier or distance between source and receptor is time. ThoughtCo. Scholars argue that translation within the same language has existed for as long as language has existed, and arguably civilisation itself. Create an account to receive our newsletter, course recommendations and promotions. Nordquist, Richard. This definition is quite clear, but unlike the case of translation proper where numerous efforts are made to further define and exemplify what constitutes translation proper in the real world, it is not possible to find more than stray sentences as regards intralingual translation. The novel had been neglected by the major scholars for a couple of decades until it was discovered by Lu Xun () and Hu Shi(). "Translation: Definition and Examples." One notable example was the case of I. Th. Furthermore, that word exists within a multidimensional matrix that defines the four salient (for the Tofa people) parameters of reindeer: age, sex, fertility, and rideability. For a number of years I have carried out research within medical expert-to-layman communication (in addition to my work within translation proper) and as a translation scholar been intrigued by the many similarities between interlingual and intralingual translation. Intralingual translation or rewriting, according to Roman Jakobson, is an interpreta-tion of verbal signs by means of other signs of the same languages. ), but the hypothesis will not be explored further in this article. Intralingual Translation: An Attempt at Description. It is true that many Chinese classics, e.g. All in all, the changes made centre around the level of background knowledge (cultural as well as factual) and ability of comprehension of the target group. The productive function of translation, which creates new meanings alongside transferring them from the source text, is also evident in the third type of translation outlined by Roman Jakobson: intersemiotic translation, or translation between media or sign systems. Meaning of intralingual. Highly functional translations (which meet skopoi which differ greatly from those of the source texts), localisation, prcis-writing, expert-to-layman communication, etc. 2002 indskrive p mandtalslisterne (register on the census), 2002 i den by, de stammede fra (in the town from which they came), 2002 svbte ham i et taeppe (wrapped him in a blanket), Everyday language instead of formal or archaic language, 1948 af Davids hus og slaegt (of Davids house and lineage), 2002 efterkommer af Kong David (decendants of King David), 1948 Og det skete medens, de var der, kom tiden, da hun skulle fde (And it happened, while they were there, came the time when she were to give birth), 2002 Da de nede frem til Betlehem, kom tidspunktet, da hun skulle fde (When they reached Bethlehem, came the time when she were to give birth), 1948 Og hun fdte sin sn, den frstefdte (And she gave birth to her son, the firstborn), 2002 Maria fik sit frste barn en dreng (Maria had her first child a boy), 2002 kroen (more contemporary word for an inn). Sharing the same function as interlingual translation, its performances can be ideological and historical. Vi erkender derfor vort ansvar i den redaktionelle bearbejdning af grundteksten Oversaettelsen er sledes en fri oversaettelse, ikke en ord-for-ord oversaettelse, ej heller en parafrase.. In my view neither of these two requirements are necessary conditions for a document/product to constitute a translation and they would effectively exclude all intralingual translation. Here the source text can be described in words and then translated into an image or visual narrative that may release a similar message as the original words while also creating new meanings and associations. What is Intersemiotic Translation? However, nothing in the description should be considered necessary or sufficient to define translation. What is Intersemiotic translation? The word "translation" can be defined as: An individual or a computer program that renders a text into another language is called a translator. While the average reader is aware that the two varieties of English exist, s/he is usually less aware of the fact that an edition of a British novel purchased on the other side of the Atlantic will have often . by means of synonymous expressions of another level of formality as pointed out by Steiner (1975). Intralingual translation - translating verbal signs into other signs of the same language. If we accept that translation can only be accounted for in a meaningful way if we treat it as a cluster concept, it does not make sense to attempt a too finite description. For the sake of comparison, a general description of intralingual translation and its characteristics on the basis of five different Danish versions of a section of the Bible and an analysis of the microstrategies employed in each version are proposed. Un article de la revue Meta (Volume 54, numro 4, dcembre 2009, p. 643-890) diffuse par la plateforme rudit. It is this basic message which is intralingually translated into new versions, irrespective of the element (small or great) of interlingual translation intralingual translation is crucial in each new version. The codes of different discourse communities within the same language may be almost as different from each other as two different national languages (Kirkness 1997: 5). The examples analysed below also demonstrate that new methods for investigating intersemiotic translation are required: in this case, purpose-built software applications for text, image and video analysis are demonstrated to handle the complexity and multi-level nature of multimodal semiosis. The denotative content of the text remains the same as in the 1948 edition. Korning I can express the notion 'four year old male uncastrated domesticated reindeer' in English. En thorie, la traductologie nexclut pas la traduction intralinguale, mais, dans les faits, les tudes empiriques ou les essais sur ce thme sont peu courantes. Contemporary synonyms have replaced older ones and a more modern and less stilted syntax has been used. Newmarks definition (1999) is very narrow indeed; it includes only translation proper and strongly relies on the much criticised concept of equivalence (Snell-Hornby 1988; Zethsen 2004). See also Shavit (1986) on the translation/transfer of childrens literature. Privacy Policy Intralingual translation - translation within the same language, which can involve rewording or paraphrase; Interlingual translation - translation from one language to another, and Intersemiotic translation - translation of the verbal sign by a non-verbal sign, for example, music or image. Holy Bible (1611/1986): Authorised King James version. Interlingual translation - translating verbal signs into other signs of a different language. The next sections present a closer look at each of the parameters. "Translation: Definition and Examples." That the definition of certain concepts needs to be open is simply an inherent feature of such concepts; in other words it is not a flaw or deficiency that some concepts cannot be finitely described, neither theoretically nor pragmatically. 15 slides Approaches of translation Montasser Mahmoud 38.9k views 21 slides Foreignization & domestication abdelbaar 17.2k views 26 slides Types of translation Rita Vazquez Rojas 12.4k views 10 slides Pedagogical stylistics Belachew Weldegebriel 3.8k views 9 slides More Related Content Slideshows for you (20) Methods Of Translation oral to written language (subtitles) or vice versa (audio description) intralingual translation between different registers (e.g. To learn about our use of cookies and how you can manage your cookie settings, please see our Cookie Policy. Presumably more than one factor will have an impact in any given instance of intralingual translation and the boundaries between the factors are far from watertight in this article, the categories have been used solely for explanatory purposes and they can, with no doubt, be further developed or regrouped. The problem of synonymy in interlingual translation (how to establish the meaning of and choose between synonyms, whether to make use of loan words or calques, etc.) In this approach, the source language, i.e. Find a translation for the intralingual definition in other languages: Select another language: - Select - (Chinese - Simplified) (Chinese - Traditional) CVR-nr: 31119103 It is not a shame for a translator in so doing; instead, this process indicates expertise, sincerity, and responsibility. In Week 2, we will explore how translation that crosses over different media changes the relationship between the text and its viewers, turning spectators into translators. Register for a FutureLearn account to get personalised course recommendations and offers straight to your inbox. Since translation deals with transfer of meaning, and semantics is the study of meaning, we cannot study translation without some knowledge of semantics. EndNote, Papers, Reference Manager, RefWorks, Zotero, ENW It differs from general transliteration in various aspects. When planning this case study, a number of different examples of intralingual translation were considered. However, I have never seen a detailed, empirically-based attempt to describe the general characteristics of intralingual translation and the strategies employed or compare it with interlingual translation. [] and Joseph was happy that they could get inside where it was warm []. In one of the Bible translations (for very small children), we saw that significant restructuring (i.e., restructuring which transgresses even paragraphs) had taken place to ease comprehension. My initial research into the nature of intralingual translation (see Zethsen 2008) made me aware of the fact that since the time of Jakobsons definition, general definitions of translation have become less inclusive. The New York Times, Oct. 2, 2010), "Just as there are no exact synonyms within a language ('big' does not mean precisely the same as 'large'), there are no exact matches for words or expressions across languages. It also seems that the strategy of simplification is driven by one of the four parameters knowledge (e.g., layman words and expressions and simple active syntax substituted for expert terms and complex syntax, whereas syntactical changes in interlingual translation are often called for on the basis of structural differences between two languages), time (e.g., contemporary words and expressions and syntax substituted for obsolete words, expressions and syntax), culture (e.g., American words, expressions and syntax substituted for British words, expressions and syntax) or space (e.g., superfluous text omitted or explanatory text added) and that it takes many forms. Here the source text can be described in words and then 'translated' into an image or visual narrative that may release a similar message as the original words while also creating new meanings and associations. This line of thought was further elaborated by Steiner in 1975. [] and then the bed was as soft and as clean as you could ask for. Newmark, as a case in point, would consider such activities to be what he terms restricted translation falling outside the scope of translation theory proper (Gutt 1991/2000: 394; Newmark 1981: 12). Intralingual translation shares with translation proper the idea of changing form but maintaining meaning and the need to adjust to different audiences and expectations. We do have classifications such as Jakobsons, which alert us to the possibility of such things as intersemiotic and intralingual translation, but we do not make any genuine use of such classifications in our research. Practically all information has been transferred, but the order of the information has been changed in quite a few instances and pictures have been added. In the preface to the Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies, Baker also, argues that we have been narrow and restrictive in defining our object of study and expresses concern about the lack of research outside the field of translation proper: [] intralingual translation is not such a minor issue as the existing literature on translation might suggestI know of no research that looks specifically at the phenomena of intralingual or intersemiotic translation. . seem to be much more radical than what is seen in the majority of interlingual translations. A British book, then, can be foreign for American readers. However, it is suggested that the de facto degree of freedom is larger in intralingual translation than in most instances of translation proper. The use of subtitles in language-learning environments has received considerable attention. In the latter case, the aim of the intralingual translation is no longer merely comprehension of the factual content of the text there is also an element of expressivity/persuasion. Schffner (1999: 100) relevantly asks whether translation itself is affected by modern developments or is it rather that more and more activities are added to translation proper? 3099067 Typical intralingual translations instigated by the parameter of knowledge (explanatory translations) are typically of the expert-to-layman kind (patient package inserts containing information on medicine, tax leaflets based on new legislation, manuals for durable consumer goods) or childrens versions (easy-readers) of classical texts. It can be seen that instead of the word "play", English has specific words . In theory, translation studies does not exclude intralingual translation, but de facto empirical studies or discussions on the subject of intralingual translation are few and far between. It occurs when some ideas expressed verbally are translated into images and/or movement. this is a fork, you use it to put food in your mouth) and when we deal with different professionals who often paraphrase bits of their speech for a non-specialist (i.e. Intuitively even laymen would know what a translation is and would probably define it in a way which corresponds to the prototypical translation proper in Jakobsons terminology. Furthermore, we will learn about the third category of int. its original text can be classic Chinese and its translated text can be modern English, in-between is intralingual translation in modern Chinese. See also Weissbrod (2004: 27) on translation/transfer over time. We believe learning should be an enjoyable, social experience, so our courses offer the opportunity to discuss what youre learning with others as you go, helping you make fresh discoveries and form new ideas. In this way we are able to reach a broad though still meaningful description of translation, relevant to the field of translation studies, which does not exclude, in particular, intralingual translation: A source text exists or has existed at some point in time. This article argues for the proper inclusion of intralingual translation on the grounds of its many similarities with interlingual translation. Accessibility Statement. I completely agree, and this is why I think that by neglecting a whole strand of translation activities (which may not be translation proper but which nevertheless share strong family resemblances), we lose out on useful insights. This strategy is clearly reflected in the translation. Taking China as an example, the intralingual translation was used for the construction of modern vernacular. Two features differ significantly from all the other intralingual translations, including the other Bible for children, namely firstly the fact that the structure of the text has been changed radically and does not follow the traditional structure (restructuring of the order of information is also seen in the family Bible from 1973, but in this version for very small children the restructuring is much more radical) and secondly that quite a number of content omissions have been made. Routledge, 1995), "Here, then, is the full process of translation. Again Steiner builds on Jakobson who also discussed, for instance, the fact that the challenge of synonymy in intralingual translation resembles the challenge of equivalence in interlingual translation (Jakobson 1959/2000: 114; Shuttleworth 1997: 88; Dam-Jensen and Zethsen, 2008). The four intralingual translations into Danish are the following in chronological order: A family picture Bible from 1973[7] (236 words), A picture Bible for very small children from 1991[8] (158 words), The Danish authorised version from 1992 (88 words), The New Testament in everyday Danish from 1985/2002[9] (89 words). theoryabout Correspondence EquivalenceKoller19791 85points out knowledge indicativeofcompetence inthe foreignlanguageand translationinwhichhiscorrespondenceand equivalencecorrespond toSaussure'S langue parolerespectivelyKoller1972hasstatedthatthe equivalenteffectDrinciple translationistending toruleoutall others . The most interesting findings of the analyses and of the comparison with interlingual translation is firstly the strong tendency of intralingual translation to involve a form of simplification a strategy which is not so often applied as the overall skopos of a translation proper.
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